A new report from the Swedish Food Agency (Livsmedelsverket) reveals that norovirus, known for causing winter vomiting disease, was the leading cause of foodborne illness between 2019 and 2023.

The most common sources of contamination in Sweden in 2019–2023 were vegetables and composite foods such as sushi and sandwich cakes.

The new report is based on investigations by municipal food safety authorities and shows a decline in overall food poisoning cases compared to the previous five-year period—partly attributed to pandemic-related restrictions.

Notably, vegetables—including leafy greens, fruit, and legumes—were more often linked to illness than animal-based foods. Major outbreaks during the period included cryptosporidium and lectin poisonings, the latter mostly caused by undercooked beans.

Of the foodborne illness cases with identified causes, norovirus accounted for 2,308 cases. Other common contributors were oysters, buffets, and dishes handled by infected individuals.

Salmonella was responsible for 749 cases, while illnesses caused by cryptosporidium and listeria increased. An aging population and improved diagnostics may explain the rise in listeria cases.

The Swedish Food Agency urges consumers to report suspected food poisoning—even from home-prepared meals—to help prevent further cases. For dairy producers and food handlers, the findings highlight the need for continued vigilance in hygiene practices and food safety monitoring.

Read the full press release from Livsmedelverket / downlad the report HERE

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